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- ZWRITE User Commands ZWRITE
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- NNAAMMEE
- zwrite - write to another user via Zephyr
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- SSYYNNOOPPSSIISS
- zzwwrriittee [ --aa ] [ --dd ] [ --vv ] [ --qq ] [ --tt ] [ --uu ] [ --oo ] [ --nn
- ] [ --ll ] [ --OO opcode ] [ --ss signature ] [ --cc class ] [ --ii
- instance ] [ --ff arg ] [ uusseerr ... ] [ --mm mmeessssaaggee ]
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- DDEESSCCRRIIPPTTIIOONN
- _Z_w_r_i_t_e sends a message from you to another user through the
- _z_e_p_h_y_r(_1) notification service. The user must have sub-
- scribed to messages of the appropriate class and instance
- using the _z_c_t_l(_1) program.
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- _Z_w_r_i_t_e understands the following options.
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- --aa Causes _z_w_r_i_t_e to send the message authenticated,
- using _K_e_r_b_e_r_o_s to perform the authentication.
- This is the default.
-
- --dd Causes _z_w_r_i_t_e to send the message unauthenti-
- cated.
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- --vv Causes _z_w_r_i_t_e to print what type of message it
- is sending, and whether or not it was success-
- ful.
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- --qq Forces _z_w_r_i_t_e to suppress information about
- whether or not the message was sent.
-
- --tt Prevents _z_w_r_i_t_e from expanding tabs in the mes-
- sage into appropriate spaces. Normally _z_w_r_i_t_e
- will expand any tabs it finds into the appropri-
- ate number of spaces to maintain separation
- based on 8-character tab stops.
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- --ll Causes _z_w_r_i_t_e to ignore `.' on a line by itself
- in the input and only end a typed message when
- the user types the end-of-file character (usu-
- ally control-D). When the input is not a termi-
- nal, this is the default action.
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- --uu Sends an urgent message. This changes the
- _z_e_p_h_y_r instance of the message to ``URGENT''.
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- --oo Causes _z_w_r_i_t_e to ignore the Zephyr variables
- _z_w_r_i_t_e-_c_l_a_s_s, _z_w_r_i_t_e-_i_n_s_t, and _z_w_r_i_t_e-_o_p_c_o_d_e
- when picking a default class, instance, and
- opcode.
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- --nn prevents _z_w_r_i_t_e from sending a PING message to
- verify the recipient is subscribing to messages.
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- MIT Project Athena October 26, 1989 1
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- ZWRITE User Commands ZWRITE
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- By default, _z_w_r_i_t_e will send a notice to the
- destination class, instance, and recipient, with
- opcode ``PING'' before sending the message. If
- the PING is sent, and the server response indi-
- cates there are no recipients subscribed to your
- message, _z_w_r_i_t_e exits without sending a message.
- When the --mm option is used, no PING is sent.
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- --ss _s_i_g_n_a_t_u_r_e
- sets the signature to be included in the mes-
- sage. This overrides both the user's name (as
- found in the password file) and any setting of
- the Zephyr variable _z_w_r_i_t_e-_s_i_g_n_a_t_u_r_e. _s_i_g_n_a_t_u_r_e
- must be a single argument, hence when using a
- shell it should be quoted with double quotes. A
- _s_i_g_n_a_t_u_r_e argument of "" leaves the signature in
- the message empty.
-
- --cc _c_l_a_s_s Allows a user to specify a different class for
- the message. This allows a message to be sent
- to a large group of people with some degree of
- security. See _z_e_p_h_y_r(_1) and _z_e_p_h_y_r_d(_8) for a
- description of how to restrict access to
- classes. When this option is specified, the
- message is sent to recipient "*" unless an addi-
- tional list of recipients is specified.
- This argument may not be used in conjunction
- with the -f option.
-
- --ii _i_n_s_t_a_n_c_e Allows a user to specify a different instance
- than the default. When this option is used, the
- message is sent to recipient "*" unless an addi-
- tional list of recipients is specified. This
- allows a message to be sent to a large group of
- people (e.g. a development group) just by having
- the members subscribe to messages of class "MES-
- SAGE", the specified instance, and recipient
- "*".
- This argument may not be used in conjunction
- with the -f option.
-
- --OO _o_p_c_o_d_e Allows a user to specify a different opcode for
- the message. Some Zephyr notice display pro-
- grams may use the opcode to decide how to
- display a notice.
-
- --ff _a_r_g Allows a user to specify an argument to be
- interpreted as a filesystem specification. The
- class is set to FFIILLSSRRVV. he instance is set to
- _a_r_g as modified: If _a_r_g contains no colons
- (`:'), it is assumed to be a host name, and it
- is converted into an official host name via
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- MIT Project Athena October 26, 1989 2
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- ZWRITE User Commands ZWRITE
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- _g_e_t_h_o_s_t_b_y_n_a_m_e(_3). If _a_r_g contains a colon, the
- portion preceding the colon is treated as a host
- name, and the colon and any trailing characters
- are appended to the offical host name returned
- by _g_e_t_h_o_s_t_b_y_n_a_m_e. If the name fails to resolve
- into an official host name, the instance is set
- to _a_r_g unmodified.
- This option may not be used in conjunction with
- the -c or -i option.
-
- --mm _Z_w_r_i_t_e sends the remaining arguments on the com-
- mand line as the message.
-
- If the -_m option is not specified, the user is prompted for
- the message to be sent. The message may be terminated by
- typing ^D or ``.'' on a line by itself.
-
- The default class for messages is ``MESSAGE'', the default
- instance is ``PERSONAL'', andthe default opcode is ``'' (an
- empty string). These defaults can be overridden by setting
- the Zephyr variables _z_w_r_i_t_e-_c_l_a_s_s, _z_w_r_i_t_e-_i_n_s_t, and _z_w_r_i_t_e-
- _o_p_c_o_d_e, respectively. Command-line options can override the
- defaults.
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- If the class is ``MESSAGE'' and the instance is either
- ``PERSONAL'' or ``URGENT'', a recipient must be specified.
- These comparisons are case-sensitive.
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- Unless the --ss option is used, the contents of the Zephyr
- variable _z_w_r_i_t_e-_s_i_g_n_a_t_u_r_e are used to augment the user's
- username in the message. If _z_w_r_i_t_e-_s_i_g_n_a_t_u_r_e is not set and
- the --ss option is not specified, the user's full name (as
- specified in the password file) is used instead.
-
- BBUUGGSS
- Tab expansion should really be done by the receiver of the
- message.
- The -u option is provided for compatibility with old ver-
- sions of _z_w_r_i_t_e and is not necessarily useful for sending
- messages to users who do not have old subscription files.
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- SSEEEE AALLSSOO
- kerberosintro(1), zctl(1), zephyr(1), zwgc(1), zhm(8),
- zephyrd(8), gethostbyname(3)
- Project Athena Technical Plan Section E.4.1, `Zephyr Notifi-
- cation Service'
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- FFIILLEESS
- /etc/passwd
- $HOME/.zephyr.vars
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- MIT Project Athena October 26, 1989 3
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- ZWRITE User Commands ZWRITE
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- AAUUTTHHOORR
- Robert S. French (MIT-Project Athena)
-
- RREESSTTRRIICCTTIIOONNSS
- Copyright (c) 1987,1988 by the Massachusetts Institute of
- Technology. All Rights Reserved.
- _z_e_p_h_y_r(_1) specifies the terms and conditions for redistribu-
- tion.
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